Although the northern and southern parts of the district are surrounded by mountains, the district in general has a plain topography. The region was affected by the formation of the Taurus Mountains and located in the plateau area of Central Anatolia.

The geological structure of Ilgın consists of limestone layers and lignite veins in mountainous regions. Paleozoic aged metamorphic schists form the base of the Çavuşçugöl coal field. This is probably followed by Jurassic-Cretaceous aged crystallized limestones, a coal-bearing series formed in the Neogene Pliocene Era, and later limestone debris, clayey sandy marly mixed series and finally debris covers and alluviums. Aşağı &...